School Segregation Descriptive Report
Questions for the group
- There seems to be conflicting information regarding what schools are metro vs. not?
- Do we want to add all charter and private schools or are we only focused on private schools?
- Some school districts have common names (St. Paul Public School District vs. Sain Paul Public Schools | Eden Prairie vs. Eden Paririe Public School District | etc.) - do we merge these or are they separate districts?
- The total enrollment seems to be a decimal. Is it appropriate to round down? (conservative)
- Many schools are missing level over time, and some have conflicting levels (High School in 2011 and 2013 but Other/Ungraded in 2012). Can we impute standard levels across schools?
- Hmong College Prep (and likely others) have some data quality issues (2010 has 100% hispanic students - assuming data entry error) - can we correct these instances?
- Which free/reduced lunch/meausre do we use? Manual or the imputed values? Manual is more conservative.
BIPOC Metro School Enrollment 1991-2022
Enrollment Breakdown Over Time
Proportion of BIPOC Students by Metro District
Percent of BIPOC Students by School Across Metro Districts
Percent of Metro District’s BIPOC Students by School
Percent Change in BIPOC Student Representation Across Minneapolis Schools
Percent Change in BIPOC Student Representation Across Saint Paul Schools
Percent Change in BIPOC Student Representation Across Anoka-Hennepin Schools
Economic Segregation 1991-2022
Racial Composition and Economic Segregation
Metro School Enrollment 1991-2022
Racial Composition by District in Twin Cities Metro
School Closures and Openings
Number of Schools in the TC Metro
Number of Schools Closed and Opened Over Time
Limitations
A school closure is defined as any school that had students for at least one year followed by no students in a subsequent year. A school opening is defined as a school that had no students after 1991 but enrolled students before 2022 for at least one year. Some schools reopen after being closed, and only their initial closure is reflected in this analysis.
School Closures by District
Of Note
Intermediate School District 287 comprised 26% of all school closures between 1991-2022.
Impact of School Closures on Students Across the Metro
Limitations
Any estimates of counts of people affected by school closures will be imperfect because it’s hard to account for schools that closed and reopened multiple times. With that said, this analysis selects only the first instance a school closed to estimate the number of students impacted.
Dissimilarity Index
The Dissimilarity index is a measure of…
Dissimilarity index was calculated following Wang et al.’s, methods found here.
\[Dissimilarity = \frac{1}{2} \sum_{i=1}^{n} \left|\frac{b_i}{B} - \frac{w{_i}}{W} \right|\] Where:
- \(b_i\) is the number of students of a particular racial group in school \(i\).
- \(B\) is the total number of students of the same racial group enrolled in the district.
- \(w_i\) is the number of white students in school \(i\).
- \(W\) is the total number of white students enrolled in the district.
- \(n\) is the number of schools in the district.
Black-White Dissimilarity Index
Asian-White Dissimilarity Index
Hispanic-White Dissimilarity Index
Isolation Index
Isolation index is a measure of…
\[Isolation = \sum_{i=1}^{n} \left(\frac{B_i}{B} \right) \left(\frac{B{_i}}{T_i} \right)\] Where:
- \(B_i\) is the number of students of a particular racial group in a school \(i\).
- \(B\) is the total number of students of the same racial group in the entire district.
- \(T_i\) is the total student enrollment of the district \(i\).
- \(n\) is the number of schools in the district.
Interaction Index
Interaction Index is a measure of…
\[Interaction = \sum_{i=1}^n \left( \frac{B_i}{B} \right) \left( \frac{W_i}{T_i} \right)\]
Where:
- \(B_i\) is the number of students of a particular racial group in a school \(i\).
- \(B\) is the total number of students of the same racial group in the entire district.
- \(W_i\) is the number of White students in school \(i\).
- \(T_i\) is the total student enrollment of the school district \(i\).
- \(n\) is the number of schools in the district.